EPM Output Overview
The postprocessing pipeline reads the GAMS run artifacts located under each scenario folder (for example output/<run_id>/<scenario>/). Two types of result files are produced when the model is executed with REPORTSHORT = 0:
epmresults.gdx – the complete data dump written by the execute_unload statement in generate_report.gms.- Comma-separated files created by the embedded GAMS Connect block in
generate_report.gms. Each CSV mirrors the identically named GDX symbol and is stored next to the scenario GDX file.
Unless stated otherwise, the columns epmresults.gdx and CSV export indicate whether each symbol is produced by default when REPORTSHORT = 0.
Schema in testing
EPM 9 is beta: file names, folder layout and parameter names on this page are not
frozen and may change between releases. Pin an EPM version for the duration of a study,
and check the changelog before upgrading.
Tips
- Large CSVs can be slimmed down using
reduce_definition_csv in postprocessing.py (keeps first, middle, last year).
- When
REPORTSHORT = 1, only pCosts, pCostsFull, and pEnergyBalance are exported; the tables below assume the default detailed reporting.
1. CAPACITY
| Variable |
Description |
epmresults.gdx |
CSV export |
| pCapacityPlant |
Installed capacity [MW] by plant, zone, and year |
Yes |
Yes |
| pCapacityTechFuel |
Installed capacity [MW] by technology, fuel, and zone |
Yes |
No |
| pCapacityFuel |
Installed capacity [MW] by fuel and zone |
Yes |
Yes |
| pCapacityTechFuelCountry |
Installed capacity [MW] by technology, fuel, and country |
Yes |
No |
| pCapacityFuelCountry |
Installed capacity [MW] by fuel and country |
Yes |
Yes |
| pCapacityPlantH2 |
Installed electrolyzer capacity [MW] by zone and year |
Yes |
No |
| pRetirementsPlant |
Retired capacity [MW] by plant, zone, and year |
Yes |
No |
| pRetirementsFuel |
Retired capacity [MW] by fuel and zone |
Yes |
No |
| pRetirementsCountry |
Total retired capacity [MW] by country and year |
Yes |
No |
| pRetirementsFuelCountry |
Retired capacity [MW] by fuel and country |
Yes |
No |
| pNewCapacityFuel |
Newly added capacity [MW] by fuel and zone |
Yes |
Yes |
| pNewCapacityTech |
Newly added capacity [MW] by technology and zone |
Yes |
No |
| pNewCapacityFuelCountry |
Newly added capacity [MW] by fuel and country |
Yes |
Yes |
| pNewCapacityTechCountry |
Newly added capacity [MW] by technology and country |
Yes |
No |
| pTransmissionCapacity |
Total available transmission capacity [MW] between internal zones |
Yes |
Yes |
| pNewTransmissionCapacity |
Additional transmission capacity [MW] between internal zones |
Yes |
Yes |
| pCapacitySummary |
Summary of capacity indicators [MW] by zone and year |
Yes |
Yes |
| pCapacitySummaryCountry |
Summary of capacity indicators [MW] by country and year |
Yes |
Yes |
2. COSTS
| Variable |
Description |
epmresults.gdx |
CSV export |
| pCostsPlant |
Yearly cost breakdown by plant and year |
Yes |
Yes |
| pCapexInvestment |
Annual CAPEX investment [USD] by zone and year |
Yes |
Yes |
| pCapexInvestmentPlant |
CAPEX investment [USD] by plant and component |
Yes |
Yes |
| pCapexInvestmentTransmission |
Transmission CAPEX [USD] by line and year |
Yes |
Yes |
| pCapexInvestmentComponent |
Annual CAPEX investment [USD] by component and zone |
Yes |
Yes |
| pHourlyPrice |
Marginal cost [USD/MWh] by zone, time, and year |
Yes |
Yes |
| pImportCostsInternal |
Import costs with internal zones [USD] by zone and year |
Yes |
No |
| pExportRevenuesInternal |
Export revenues with internal zones [USD] by zone and year |
Yes |
No |
| pCongestionRevenues |
Congestion rents [USD] from saturated internal lines by year |
Yes |
No |
| pTradeSharedBenefits |
Congestion rents shared equally between zones [USD] |
Yes |
No |
| pCosts |
Annual cost summary [million USD] by zone and year |
Yes |
Yes |
| pCostsCountry |
Annual cost summary [million USD] by country and year |
Yes |
Yes |
| pNetPresentCost |
Total cost [million USD] by zone and cost category |
Yes |
No |
| pNetPresentCostSystem |
System-level cost summary [million USD], weighted and discounted |
Yes |
Yes |
| pNetPresentCostSystemPerMWh |
System-level cost summary [USD/MWh], weighted and discounted |
Yes |
Yes |
| pCostsSystem |
Annual system cost summary [million USD] by cost category and year |
Yes |
No |
| pFuelCosts |
Annual fuel costs [million USD] by fuel, zone, and year |
Yes |
Yes |
| pFuelCostsCountry |
Annual fuel costs [million USD] by fuel, country, and year |
Yes |
Yes |
| pFuelConsumption |
Annual fuel consumption [MMBtu] by fuel, zone, and year |
Yes |
No |
| pFuelConsumptionCountry |
Annual fuel consumption [MMBtu] by fuel, country, and year |
Yes |
No |
3. ENERGY BALANCE
| Variable |
Description |
epmresults.gdx |
CSV export |
| pEnergyPlant |
Annual energy generation [GWh] by plant, zone, and year |
Yes |
Yes |
| pEnergyTechFuel |
Annual energy generation [GWh] by technology, fuel, and zone |
Yes |
No |
| pEnergyFuel |
Annual energy generation [GWh] by fuel and zone |
Yes |
Yes |
| pEnergyTechFuelCountry |
Annual energy generation [GWh] by technology, fuel, and country |
Yes |
No |
| pEnergyFuelCountry |
Annual energy generation [GWh] by fuel and country |
Yes |
Yes |
| pEnergyBalance |
Annual supply-demand balance [GWh] by zone |
Yes |
Yes |
| pEnergyBalanceCountry |
Annual supply-demand balance [GWh] by country |
Yes |
No |
| pEnergyBalanceH2 |
Annual hydrogen supply-demand balance [mmBTU] by zone |
Yes |
No |
| pEnergyBalanceCountryH2 |
Annual hydrogen supply-demand balance [mmBTU] by country |
Yes |
No |
| pUtilizationPlant |
Annual plant utilization factor |
Yes |
Yes |
| pUtilizationTech |
Annual technology utilization factor |
Yes |
No |
| pUtilizationFuel |
Annual average capacity factor by fuel |
Yes |
Yes |
| pUtilizationTechFuel |
Annual average capacity factor by technology and fuel |
Yes |
Yes |
| pUtilizationFuelCountry |
Annual average capacity factor by fuel and country |
Yes |
Yes |
| pUtilizationTechFuelCountry |
Annual average capacity factor by technology, fuel, and country |
Yes |
Yes |
4. ENERGY DISPATCH
| Variable |
Description |
epmresults.gdx |
CSV export |
| pDispatchPlant |
Plant-level hourly dispatch and reserve [MW] |
Yes |
No |
| pDispatchFuel |
Fuel-level hourly dispatch [MW] |
Yes |
Yes |
| pDispatch |
Zone-level hourly dispatch and flows [MW] |
Yes |
Yes |
5. RESERVES
| Variable |
Description |
epmresults.gdx |
CSV export |
| pReserveSpinningPlantZone |
Spinning reserve provided by plant [MWh] per zone and year |
Yes |
Yes |
| pReserveSpinningFuelZone |
Spinning reserve provided by fuel [MWh] per zone and year |
Yes |
Yes |
| pReserveSpinningPlantCountry |
Spinning reserve provided by plant [MWh] per country and year |
Yes |
Yes |
| pReserveMargin |
Reserve margin indicators by zone and year |
Yes |
No |
| pReserveMarginCountry |
Reserve margin indicators by country and year |
Yes |
No |
6. INTERCONNECTIONS
| Variable |
Description |
epmresults.gdx |
CSV export |
| pInterchange |
Annual energy exchanged [GWh] between internal zones |
Yes |
Yes |
| pInterconUtilization |
Interconnection utilization [%] between internal zones |
Yes |
Yes |
| pLossesTransmission |
Transmission losses [MWh] per internal zone |
Yes |
No |
| pInterchangeCountry |
Annual energy exchanged [GWh] between countries |
Yes |
Yes |
| pLossesTransmissionCountry |
Transmission losses [MWh] per country |
Yes |
No |
| pCongestionShare |
Share of time congested [%] for line z–z2 |
Yes |
Yes |
| pHourlyInterchangeExternal |
Hourly external trade [MW] per zone |
Yes |
No |
| pYearlyInterchangeExternal |
Annual external trade [GWh] per zone |
Yes |
No |
| pYearlyInterchangeExternalCountry |
Annual external trade [GWh] per country |
Yes |
No |
| pHourlyInterchangeExternalCountry |
Hourly external trade [MW] per country |
Yes |
No |
| pInterchangeExternalExports |
Annual exports [GWh] from zone to external zone |
Yes |
No |
| pInterchangeExternalImports |
Annual imports [GWh] from external zone |
Yes |
No |
| pInterconUtilizationExternalExports |
External export line utilization [%] |
Yes |
No |
| pInterconUtilizationExternalImports |
External import line utilization [%] |
Yes |
No |
7. EMISSIONS
| Variable |
Description |
epmresults.gdx |
CSV export |
| pEmissionsZone |
CO₂ emissions [Mt] by zone and year |
Yes |
Yes |
| pEmissionsIntensityZone |
CO₂ intensity [tCO₂/GWh] by zone and year |
Yes |
Yes |
| pEmissionsCountrySummary |
CO₂ emissions [Mt] by country, type, and year |
Yes |
No |
| pEmissionsIntensityCountry |
CO₂ intensity [tCO₂/GWh] by country and year |
Yes |
No |
| pEmissionMarginalCosts |
Marginal cost of system emission constraint [USD/tCO₂] |
Yes |
No |
| pEmissionMarginalCostsCountry |
Marginal cost of country emission constraint [USD/tCO₂] |
Yes |
No |
8. PRICES
| Variable |
Description |
epmresults.gdx |
CSV export |
| pPrice |
Demand-weighted average electricity price [USD/MWh] by zone and year |
Yes |
No |
| pPriceExport |
Flow-weighted average export price [USD/MWh] by zone and year |
Yes |
No |
| pPriceImport |
Flow-weighted average import price [USD/MWh] by zone and year |
Yes |
No |
| pPriceHub |
Flow-weighted hub price [USD/MWh] by zone and year |
Yes |
No |
| pPriceCountry |
Demand-weighted average electricity price [USD/MWh] by country and year |
Yes |
No |
| pPriceExportCountry |
Flow-weighted average export price [USD/MWh] by country and year |
Yes |
No |
| pPriceImportCountry |
Flow-weighted average import price [USD/MWh] by country and year |
Yes |
No |
9. SPECIAL TECHNOLOGIES
| Variable |
Description |
epmresults.gdx |
CSV export |
| pCSPBalance |
CSP hourly output by type [MW] |
Yes |
No |
| pCSPComponents |
CSP installed components and metrics |
Yes |
No |
| pPVwSTOBalance |
PV+Storage hourly output by type [MW] |
Yes |
No |
| pPVwSTOComponents |
PV+Storage installed components and metrics |
Yes |
No |
| pStorageBalance |
Generic storage hourly output [MW] and storage level |
Yes |
No |
| pStorageComponents |
Generic storage installed capacity [MW, MWh] and storage hours |
Yes |
No |
| pSolarPower |
Solar hourly output [MWh] |
Yes |
No |
| pSolarEnergyZone |
Annual solar energy [MWh] by zone |
Yes |
No |
| pSolarValueZone |
Average market value of solar [USD/MWh] by zone |
Yes |
No |
| pSolarCost |
Levelized cost of solar [USD/MWh] by zone |
Yes |
No |
10. METRICS
| Variable |
Description |
epmresults.gdx |
CSV export |
| pPlantAnnualLCOE |
Plant-level LCOE [USD/MWh] by year |
Yes |
Yes |
| pNetPresentCostPerMWh |
Zone discounted average cost by component [USD/MWh] |
Yes |
Yes |
| pNetPresentCostCountryPerMWh |
Country discounted average cost by component [USD/MWh] |
Yes |
No |
| pDiscountedDemandZoneMWh |
Discounted electricity demand denominator [MWh] by zone |
Yes |
No |
| pDiscountedDemandCountryMWh |
Discounted electricity demand denominator [MWh] by country |
Yes |
No |
| pDiscountedDemandSystemMWh |
Discounted electricity demand denominator [MWh] for the system |
Yes |
No |
| pCostsSystemPerMWh |
System average cost [USD/MWh] by year |
Yes |
No |
11. modeltype PARAMETERS
| Variable |
Description |
epmresults.gdx |
CSV export |
| pSolverParameters |
modeltype status, time, and gap diagnostics |
Yes |
No |
pSolverParameters includes entries such as modeltype Status, modeltype Time: ms, Absolute gap, and Relative gap.
OTHER OUTPUTS & AUXILIARY VARIABLES
| Variable |
Description |
epmresults.gdx |
CSV export |
| pSettings |
Model configuration and run settings |
Yes |
Yes |
| zcmap |
Zone-to-country mapping |
No |
Yes |
| pVarCost |
Variable cost inputs by generator/fuel |
Yes |
No |
| pCapacityCredit |
Capacity credit factors by generator |
Yes |
Yes |